Explain how BGP operates as the routing protocol of the internet, covering AS numbers, eBGP vs iBGP, the route selection algorithm, prefix announcements, route leaks, BGP communities, and peering vs transit relationships.
## Problem
You are an infrastructure engineer at a company that operates its own autonomous system and peers with multiple ISPs and content providers. A new team member with a strong software background but limited networking experience asks you to explain how BGP works, why it matters for your infrastructure, and what can go wrong.
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