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Trace a packet's path through the Linux kernel from NIC to userspace socket, covering drivers, netfilter, iptables chains, network namespaces, and veth pairs.
## Problem
Explain how a network packet travels through the Linux kernel from the moment it arrives at a physical NIC to when it is delivered to a userspace application's socket. Cover the role of device drivers, interrupt handling, the netfilter framework (iptables/nftables), and how network namespaces and veth pairs provide isolation for containers.
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